Flow cytometry is a powerful technique that unlocks the secrets of cells in motion, analyzing multiple properties with speed and precision. By labeling cells with bright fluorescent dyes, researchers can highlight structures of interest, track subtle changes, and uncover critical insights into health and disease.

Traditionally, most flow cytometers rely on photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), with up to four detectors for scattering and as many as 64 for fluorescence. While PMTs are established technology with a broad dynamic range, they come with trade-offs: bulky single-point detectors, limited sensitivity (below 45% quantum efficiency), and excess noise that reduces data clarity.

SPAD arrays change the game. With thousands of integrated pixels, they consolidate multiple fluorescence detectors into one compact array, dramatically simplifying system design, lowering costs, and boosting reliability. Even more, SPADs deliver superior sensitivity and Poisson-limited signal-to-noise performance, ensuring researchers capture the faintest signals with unmatched accuracy.